Variable impacts on young migrants and related measures in Spain and Italy. Andalusia and Sicily: a comparative analysis
Abstract
La migrazione si basa sulla mobilità, sull'attraversamento dello spazio in un tempo determinato; l'ineludibile "precarietà" del rapporto dello straniero con il territorio si manifesta in tutta la sua evidenza. Il presente lavoro si concentra sul Mare Nostrum e sulla migrazione dei vulnerabili. I problemi legati alla protezione dei minori stranieri non accompagnati sono legati alla loro condizione, tra cui la minore età, lo status di straniero e la mancanza di figure genitoriali. Sia lo spazio giuridico sovranazionale (internazionale ed europeo), che riconosce un elemento di estraneità rispetto al sistema nazionale di gestione di tali situazioni, sia le questioni legate al diritto dei migranti contribuiscono alle tutele, creando conflitti e sovrapposizioni. Il diritto internazionale tutela l'interesse superiore del minore; al contrario, il diritto interno mira a bilanciare i diritti dello straniero e gli interessi nazionali di natura collettiva (in particolare l'ordine pubblico e la sicurezza interna). La ricerca mira ad analizzare i molteplici impatti dei sistemi di protezione in diverse aree di grande interesse per i giovani migranti non accompagnati: 1) diritti e protezione, 2) occupazione e disponibilità al lavoro, 3) politiche e programmi in Andalusia e Sicilia.Questo articolo si propone di esaminare i cambiamenti legislativi avvenuti negli ultimi due anni e come questi abbiano influito sulla condizione dei giovani migranti in due Paesi del Mediterraneo, Spagna e Italia. In particolare, vengono messe a confronto due regioni: Andalusia e Sicilia. La metodologia utilizzata è l'analisi socio-giuridica combinata con la ricerca empirica.Riferimenti bibliografici
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