Shared reading aloud as a tool to improve integration: an experiment in Porta Palazzo (Turin, Italy)

Authors

  • Federico Batini Department of Philosophy, Social, Human and Educational Sciences – University of Perugia, Italy
  • Giulia Barbisoni Department of Philosophy, Social, Human and Educational Sciences – University of Perugia, Italy
  • Giuseppina Marchetta Department of Philosophy, Social, Human and Educational Sciences – University of Perugia, Italy

Abstract

The integration of minors with a migrant background is certainly a crucial challenge for our school system. In relation to the linguistic difficulties detected by international student assessment programme results, it is necessary to plan educational activities and policies aimed at strengthening students' ability to understand texts and socialise them in order to promote academic success and the inclusion of first- and second-generation children and their families. This article presents the exploration of a case study in a context with a high rate of migration, namely the Porta Palazzo district in Turin in the northwest of Italy, where the project “Ad Alta Voce Porta Palazzo” verified the effects of shared reading aloud on a sample of classes from kindergarten to primary and secondary school. The results demonstrate a statistically significant increase in text comprehension and linguistic skills but also a beneficial impact on the well-being of the students by improving the classroom climate while turning the school environment into a more welcoming space. Hence, the linguistic benefits obtained by shared reading aloud, according to the method presented, not only contribute to the educational success of students and to effectively counter early school leaving, but they also provide students and their families with the tools to orient themselves in the country of arrival.

References

Autorità garante per l’infanzia e l’adolescenza, La dispersione scolastica in Italia: un’analisi multifattoriale, Rome, 2022, https://www.garanteinfanzia.org/sites /default/files/2022-06/dispersione-scolastica -2022.pdf.

Avvisati F., Where Did Reading Proficiency Improve Over Time? PISA in Focus, No. 103, Paris, OECD Publishing, 2020.

Baker S. K., Santoro L. E., Chard D. J., Fien H., Park Y. and Otterstedt J., “An evaluation of an explicit read aloud intervention taught in whole-classroom formats in first grade”, The Elementary School Journal, 113, 3, 2013, pp. 331-358.

Balfanz R., Bridgeland J.M., Moore L.A. and Fox J.H., Building a Grad Nation: Progress and Challenge in Ending the High School Dropout Epidemic, Washington, Civic Enterprises, 2010.

Bandura A., “Perceived self-efficacy in cognitive development and functioning”, Educational Psychologist, 28, 1993, pp. 117-148.

Bandura A., Self-Efficacy in Changing Societies, New York, Cambridge University Press, 1995.

Batini F., Un anno di Leggere: Forte! In Toscana: L’esperienza di una ricerca-azione, Milan, FrancoAngeli, 2021.

Batini F., “La lettura ad alta voce, strumento per la democrazia per un’educazione ‘nuova’”, in Lucisano P. and Marzano A. (Eds.), Convegno Internazionale SIRD “Quale scuola per I cittadini del mondo? A cento anni dalla fondazione della Ligue Internationale de l'Éducation Nouvelle”, Pensa MultiMedia, 2022, pp. 934-945.

Batini F., Bartolucci M. and Timpone A., “The effects of reading aloud in the primary school”, Psychology and Education, 55, 1-2, 2018, pp. 111-122.

Batini F., D’Autilia B., Pera E., Lucchetti L. and Toti G., “Reading aloud and first language development: a systematic review”, Journal of Education and Training Studies, 8, 12, 2020, pp. 49-68.

Batini F. and Giusti S. (Eds.), Tecniche per la lettura ad alta voce: 27 suggerimenti per la fascia 0-6 anni, Milan, FrancoAngeli, 2021.

Batini F. and Giusti S., a cura di, Strategie e tecniche per leggere ad alta voce a scuola: 16 suggerimenti per insegnanti del primo e del secondo ciclo, Milan, FrancoAngeli, 2022.

Blamey K.L., Beauchat K.A. and Sweetman H., “Supporting preschool teachers’ vocabu-lary instruction during storybook reading”, NHSA Dialog, 15, 3, 2012, pp. 233-245.

Brannon D. and Dauksas L., “Studying the effect dialogic reading has on family members’ verbal interactions during shared reading”, SRATE Journal, 21, 2, 2012, pp. 9-20.

Brokamp S.K., Houtveen A.A. and van de Grift W.J., “The relationship among students’ reading performance, their classroom behavior, and teacher skills”, The Journal of Educational Research, 112, 1, 2019, pp. 1-11.

Çetinkaya F.C., Ates S. and Yildirim K., “Effects of interactive book reading activities on improvement of elementary school students’ reading skills”, Interna-tional Journal of Progressive Education, 15, 3, 2019, pp. 180-193.

Chao S.L., Mattocks G., Birden A. and Manarino-Leggett P., “The impact of the raising a reader program on family literacy practices and receptive vocabulary of children in pre-kindergarten”, Early Childhood Education Journal, 43, 5, 2015, pp. 427-434.

Colombo M. and Santagati M., “Interpreting social inclusion of young immigrants in Italy”, Italian Journal of Sociology of Education, 2, 1, 2010, pp. 9-48.

Colombo M. and Santagati M., Nelle scuole plurali: Misure d’integrazione degli alunni stranieri, Milan, FrancoAngeli, 2014.

Commissione europea/EACEA/Eurydice, Integrazione degli studenti provenienti da contesti migratori nelle scuole d’Europa: politiche e misure nazionali, Rapporto Eurydice, Lussemburgo, Ufficio delle pubblicazioni dell’Unione europea, 2019.

Damhuis C.M., Segers E. and Verhoeven L., “Stimulating breadth and depth of vocabulary via repeated storybook readings or tests”, School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 26, 3, 2015, pp. 382-396.

Duncan G.J., Dowsett C.J., Claessens A., Magnuson K., Huston A.C., Klebanov P., Pagani L.S., Feinstein L., Engel M., Brooks-Gunn J., Sexton H., Duckworth K. and Japel C., “School readiness and later achievement”, Developmental Psychology, 43, 6, 2007, pp. 1428-1446.

Farrant B.M. and Zubrick S.R., “Early vocabulary development: The importance of joint attention and parent-child book reading”, First Language, 32, 3, 2012, pp. 343-364.

Flanagan D.P. and Kaufman A.S., Essentials of WISC-IV Assessment, New York, John Wiley, 2004.

Gabrielli G. and Impicciatore R., “Breaking down the barriers: educational paths, labour market outcomes and wellbeing of children of immigrants”, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 4, 2021, pp. 1-19.

Gonzalez J.E., Pollard-Durodola S., Simmons D.C., Taylor A.B., Davis M.J., Kim M. and Simmons L., “Developing low-income preschoolers’ social studies and science vocabulary knowledge through content-focused shared book reading”, Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness, 4, 1, 2010, pp. 25-52.

Hojnoski R.L., Columba H.L. and Polignano J., “Embedding mathematical dialogue in parent–child shared book reading: a preliminary investigation”, Early Education and Development, 25, 4, 2014, pp. 469-492.

Ikeda M., What can we do to ensure a level playing field for all students? PISA in Focus. No. 117, Paris, OECD Publishing, 2022.

INVALSI, Rapporto prove Invalsi 2022, https://invalsi-areaprove.cineca.it/docs/2022/ Rilevazioni_Nazionali/Rapporto/Rapporto_Prove_INVALSI_2022.pdf.

Ionescu T. and Ilie A., “Language learning in preschool children: an embodied learning account”, Early Child Development and Care, 188, 1, 2018, pp. 4-15.

Klem A.M. and Connell J.P., “Relationships matter: linking teacher support to student engagement and achievement”, Journal of School Health, 74, 2004, pp. 262-273.

Kotaman H., “Impacts of dialogical storybook reading on young children’s reading attitudes and vocabulary deve-lopment”, Reading Improvement, 57, 1, 2020, pp. 40-45.

Kozminsky E. and Asher-Sadon R., “Media type influences preschooler’s literacy development: e-book versus printed book reading”, Interdisciplinary Journal of E-Learning and Learning Objects, 9, 1, 2013, pp. 233-247.

Levorato M.C., Roch M. and Nesi B., “A longitudinal study of idiom and text comprehension”, Journal of Child Language, 34, 3, 2007, pp. 473-494.

Liu H.M., “Lexical and acoustic features of maternal utterances addressing preverbal infants in picture book reading link to 5-year-old children's language development”, Early Education and Development, 25, 8, 2014, pp. 1103-1117.

Makumbila M.P. and Rowland C.B., “Improving South African third graders' reading skills: lessons learnt from the use of guided reading approach”, South African Journal of Childhood Education, 6, 1, 2016, pp. 1-8.

Marjanovič-Umek L., Fekonja-Peklaj U. and Sočan G., “Early vocabulary, parental education, and the frequency of shared reading as predictors of toddler's vocabulary and grammar at age 2; 7: a Slovenian longitudinal CDI study”, Journal of Child Language, 44, 2, 2017, pp. 457-479.

Murineddu M., Duca M. and Cornoldi C., “Difficoltà di apprendimento scolastico degli studenti stranieri”, Difficoltà di apprendimento, 12, 1, 2006, p. 55.

Nagy W.E. and Anderson R.C., “How many words are there in printed school English?”, Reading Research Quarterly, 19, 3, 1984, pp. 304-330.

Neuman S.B., Kaefer T. and Pinkham A.M., “Improving low-income preschoolers’ word and world knowledge: the effects of content-rich instruction”, The Elementary School Journal, 116, 4, 2016, pp. 652-674.

Nevo E. and Vaknin-Nusbaum V., “Joint reading of informational science text versus narrative stories: how does each affect language and literacy abilities among kindergarteners?”, Reading Psychology, 39, 8, 2018, pp. 787-819.

Nielsen D.C., Friesen L.D. and Fink, J., “The effectiveness of a model of language-focused classroom instruction on the vocabulary and narrative development of kindergarten children”, Journal of Education, 192, 2-3, 2012, pp. 63-77.

OECD, PISA 2018 Results (Volume I): What Students Know and Can Do, Paris, OECD Publishing, 2019.

OECD, Reading Performance (PISA) (indicator), 2022.

Openpolis, Quanto è frequente l’abbandono scolastico tra gli alunni stranieri, Roma, 2020, https://www.openpolis.it/labbandono-scolastico-e-un-problema-serio-al-sud-e-non-solo/.

Openpolis, L’abbandono scolastico in Italia, Roma, 2022, https://www.openpolis.it/ras segnastampa/labbandono-scolastico-in-italia/.

Orsini A., Pezzuti L. and Picone L., WISC-IV: Contributo alla taratura italiana, Firenze, Giunti OS Organizzazioni Speciali, 2012.

Richman W.A. and Colombo J., “Joint book reading in the second year and vocabulary outcomes”, Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 21, 3, 2007, pp. 242-253.

Scierri I.D.M., Bartolucci M. and Batini F., “Il successo formativo per prevenire la dispersione: gli effetti di una didattica attiva sul potenziamento delle strategie di studio nella scuola secondaria di primo grado”, Ricerche di Pedagogia e Didattica. Journal of Theories and Research in Education, 13, 1, 2018, pp. 1-28.

Scierri I.D.M., Bartolucci M. and Salvato R., Lettura e dispersione, Milan, FrancoAngeli, 2018.

Sénéchal M. and LeFevre J.A., “Parental involvement in the development of children’s reading skill: a five‐year longitudinal study”, Child Development, 73, 2, 2002, pp. 445-460.

Surian A., Candela V. and Rutigliano M.A., “Reading aloud to address the double inequality”, Effetti di Lettura/Effects of Reading, 1, 1, 2022, pp. 76-93.

Van Druten-Frietman L., Strating H., Denessen E. and Verhoeven L., “Interactive storybook-based intervention effects on kindergartners’ language development”, Journal of Early Intervention, 38, 4, 2016, pp. 212-229.

Wang Z., “Mind the gap: Examining migrant-native disparities in reading performance and subjective wellbeing among 15-year-old students in different education systems”, International Journal of Educational Research Open, 2, 2021, pp. 9-11.

Wechsler D., WISC-IV Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children 4th Edition: Technical and Interpretive Manual, San Antonio, The Psychological Corporation, 2003.

Wright C.Z. and Dunsmuir S., “The effect of storytelling at school on children’s oral and written language abilities and self-perception”, Reading & Writing Quarterly, 35, 2, 2019, 137-153.

Zhang S.Z., Georgiou G.K., Xu J., Liu J.M., Li M. and Shu H., “Different measures of print exposure predict different aspects of vocabulary”, Reading Research Quarterly, 53, 4, 2018, pp. 443-454.

Downloads

Published

2023-03-31 — Updated on 2023-06-01

Issue

Section

Common ground (ed. by Antonello Scialdone, Riccardo Morri)